It might seem extreme, but every day (am, lunch, pm), I take over 75 different medications and supplements as part of my daily regimen to boost longevity and healthspan.
You’re probably wondering why anyone would take so many pills. How do you select what to take, and do they work?
This is a blog about what I take, and why I take them.
In 2013, in the prestigious journal Cell, scientists identified what they called the “9 Hallmarks of Aging,” basically a working hypothesis on the underlying causes of aging (on a molecular and cellular basis). Note: The list has since been expanded to 12 hallmarks.
My meds & supplement routine is built around addressing as many of these as possible. The 12 hallmarks include: Genomic Instability, Telomere Attrition, Epigenetic Alterations, Loss of Proteostasis, Deregulated Nutrient-Sensing, Mitochondrial Dysfunction, Cellular Senescence, Stem Cell Exhaustion, Altered Intercellular Communication, Disabled Macroautophagy, Chronic Inflammation, and Dysbiosis... and more on these later.
(Note: Any medication and supplement routine you adopt should be done under a doctor’s care... Find a great longevity/functional medicine MD to help you out.)
Rapamycin: King of Anti-Aging Meds
There’s a difference between meds & supplements... meds require a prescription and are typically more consequential with downsides as well as upsides. There is one such medicine I take under the guidance of my Fountain Life Medical Team called rapamycin, and in my opinion, it is likely to be the most impactful longevity med at this time. (Note: the clinical trials in humans are just beginning to prove this out.)
Let’s talk about rapamycin. Discovered in the soils of Easter Island and originally used as an immunosuppressant, this compound now stars in the lineup of longevity enhancers for its fascinating properties. It works by inhibiting mTOR, a crucial protein that governs cell growth and proliferation. But for those of us chasing the fountain of youth, rapamycin's real appeal might lie in its ability to tweak our cellular cleanup processes and metabolism.
Every Sunday night, my ritual includes a 6-milligram dose of rapamycin, taken weekly for a 3 month stretch, followed by 1 month off. Repeat. The goal? To modulate my immune system in a way that supports my body's age-fighting mechanisms. There are a multitude of longevity related meds/supplements (discussed below). Out of all of them, rapamycin is the one longevity-related intervention in my arsenal that seems to have the most concrete evidence backing its benefits. Here’s some of the data.
In 2009, Nature published a groundbreaking study showing rapamycin increased mouse lifespans by 14% for females and 9% for males. Fast forward to 2014, and Science reported that it actually enhanced immune responses in humans, prompting a 20% greater response to flu vaccines. This finding shattered the misconception that rapamycin weakened the immune system.
More recently, a 2023 Geroscience study surveyed 504 adults, revealing that 65.5% of the 333 people taking rapamycin believed in its anti-aging effects. Nearly half reported improved health, with over 35% saying their brain "works better" and 38% feeling younger.
Dr. Matt Kaeberlein, a professor at the University of Washington, has been researching rapamycin for 20 years and found that a three-month course of rapamycin increased remaining life expectancy in middle-aged lab mice by up to 60%. As he puts it:
"I would say that rapamycin is the current best-in-class for a longevity drug that we have."
As mentioned above, there are several human clinical trials currently exploring the potential of rapamycin as a longevity medicine, showing promising early results. One notable trial is the Participatory Evaluation (of) Aging (with) Rapamycin (for) Longevity Study (PEARL). This large-scale, placebo-controlled study is being conducted to assess the effects of rapamycin on aging in humans. The PEARL study involves 200 participants aged 50 and older, who will receive rapamycin for up to one year.
This fall at my Platinum Longevity Trip, we’ll do a deep dive into rapamycin and the other leading longevity meds and supplements. It’s my chance to learn the latest on what is scientifically proven to work.
My Full Meds and Supplements Protocol
Before I dive into the list of what I’m taking, a quick reminder and summary of the 12 hallmarks of aging...
12 Hallmarks of Aging
There were 9 original hallmarks of aging, based on a 2013 article in the journal Cell. That list has now expanded to include 3 more. Here they are:
- Genomic Instability: Environmental and cellular processes damage genes over time, accelerating aging through increased radiation and free radicals.
- Telomere Attrition: Chromosomal end-caps, telomeres, shorten during DNA replication, leading to cell division cessation and disease.
- Epigenetic Alterations: Environmental factors alter gene expression over time, affecting how DNA sequences are read and implemented.
- Loss of Proteostasis: Proteins misfold and malfunction over time, causing diseases including cancer and neurological disorders.
- Deregulated Nutrient-Sensing: Changes in body nutrient levels affect metabolic pathways, impacting longevity-related proteins like IGF-1 and mTOR.
- Mitochondrial Dysfunction: Mitochondrial performance declines with age, causing fatigue and chronic illness symptoms.
- Cellular Senescence: Aging cells stop dividing and accumulate, causing increased inflammation and tissue dysfunction.
- Stem Cell Exhaustion: Aging significantly reduces stem cell counts and quality, impairing body repair and renovation.
- Altered Intercellular Communication: Aging disrupts cellular communication mechanisms, decreasing information transmission between cells.
- Disabled Macroautophagy: Impaired autophagy prevents normal cell cleaning processes, leading to toxin buildup and cellular dysfunction.
- Chronic Inflammation: Persistent inflammation with aging contributes to various age-related diseases by continuously damaging tissues.
- Dysbiosis: Imbalances in microbial communities, particularly in the gut, affect metabolic and immune functions, impacting health.
My Longevity-Related Meds & Supplements
Quick Note on Testing: I do a lot of testing to continuously fine tune what I’m taking. As part of my Fountain Life protocol, that testing is occurring on at least a quarterly basis. My meds and supplements are then modified accordingly.
Viome Testing & Supplements: Another important note and experiment I’m about to try. I just completed my Viome testing, and part of Viome’s offerings include customized supplements specifically tied to your gut and blood transcriptome. My plan in the second half of this year is to try a switch over to Viome’s prescribed supplements and measure myself again during the next quarter.
Here is a list of the meds and supplements I take each day to help extend my longevity and healthspan, organized loosely around several of the hallmarks of aging.
Inflammation
Stamets-7: A unique blend of seven medicinal mushrooms, including Reishi, Lion’s Mane, and Cordyceps, that work synergistically to support immune function, cognitive health, and energy levels. This supplement also promotes resilience against stress and inflammation, contributing to overall vitality and well-being.
Metacurcumin: An advanced form of curcumin, known for its potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. This bioavailable supplement helps reduce systemic inflammation, supports joint health, and protects cells from oxidative damage, enhancing overall physical health and resistance to chronic diseases.
Alpha Lipoic Acid: A powerful antioxidant that neutralizes free radicals and supports mitochondrial health. This supplement plays a crucial role in energy metabolism and helps maintain optimal cellular function, reducing the risk of age-related conditions and enhancing metabolic health.
Glutathione / Liposomal: Known as the master antioxidant, glutathione in liposomal form ensures maximum absorption. It detoxifies cells, combats oxidative stress, and supports liver function, helping to maintain robust cellular health and enhance immune defenses.
Liposomal Vit C: Vitamin C in a liposomal delivery system that enhances absorption and bioavailability. This potent antioxidant supports immune function, collagen synthesis, and skin health, while also protecting cells from oxidative damage and promoting cardiovascular health.
Polyphenol Booster: A supplement rich in polyphenols, naturally occurring compounds with strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. It helps protect against oxidative stress, supports cardiovascular health, and promotes metabolic balance, contributing to overall wellness.
SPM Active: Specialized pro-resolving mediators that aid in resolving inflammation and promoting tissue repair. This supplement supports immune function and helps the body return to homeostasis after inflammatory responses, ensuring efficient healing and recovery.
Astaxanthin (AX3): A potent carotenoid antioxidant that protects cells from oxidative stress and inflammation. It supports skin health, improves cardiovascular function, and enhances physical endurance and recovery, contributing to overall physical robustness.
Glycine: An amino acid that supports collagen production, detoxification processes, and sleep quality. It also plays a role in maintaining muscle health and promoting cognitive function, contributing to a balanced and resilient physiological state.
CoQ10 w/ PQQ: Coenzyme Q10 and Pyrroloquinoline Quinone are essential for cellular energy production and antioxidant protection. They support mitochondrial function, enhance cellular energy levels, and protect against oxidative damage, maintaining optimal cellular health.
Altered Intercellular Communication / Brain
Prodrome Neuro: A supplement formulated to support brain health by providing essential nutrients that enhance cognitive function, protect against neurodegenerative conditions, and reduce oxidative stress, promoting sustained mental clarity and vitality.
Prodrome Glia: Designed to support glial cells in the brain, this supplement helps maintain a healthy nervous system, reduce oxidative stress, and protect against neurodegenerative diseases, ensuring robust cognitive function and mental performance.
PC (BioBody) Liposomal Phospholipid Complex: This complex delivers essential phospholipids in a liposomal form to support cellular membrane integrity and function. It enhances nutrient absorption, supports liver health, and promotes overall cellular resilience.
DHEA w/Pregnenolone: A hormonal supplement that supports cognitive function, mood regulation, and energy levels. DHEA and Pregnenolone are precursors to other hormones, helping to maintain hormonal balance and overall vitality.
BAET: Bioavailable energy technology that enhances cellular energy production, improving physical performance and mental clarity. It supports mitochondrial function and overall cellular efficiency, contributing to sustained energy and resilience.
Creatine: A well-known supplement that supports muscle strength, power, and endurance by enhancing ATP production in muscles. It improves exercise performance, supports muscle recovery, and helps maintain overall physical function.
Magnesium Glycinate: An essential mineral in a highly absorbable form that supports relaxation, sleep quality, and cognitive health. Magnesium glycinate helps reduce stress, promote muscle relaxation, and maintain a balanced nervous system.
Hormones
Testosterone: A hormone that plays a critical role in maintaining muscle mass, bone density, and overall energy levels. Supplementing with testosterone supports physical performance, cognitive function, and metabolic health.
*Note: I also take DHEA w/Pregnenolone (10/15mcg), which affects hormones and is described above.
Muscle
Taurine 2,000mg: An amino acid that supports mitochondrial health, cellular protection, and detoxification processes. Taurine enhances muscle function, promotes cardiovascular health, and supports a balanced immune response.
Note: I also take Creatine for building and maintaining muscle, which is described above.
Mitochondrial Dysfunction
B-Complex Plus: A comprehensive blend of essential B vitamins that support energy metabolism, nervous system health, and cognitive function. This supplement helps reduce fatigue, improve mood, and maintain overall vitality.
Note: I take CoQ10 w/ PQQ (100/10mg), which is described above and influences mitochondrial dysfunction.
Disabled Macroautophagy
Time Plus NAD: A supplement that supports cellular energy production and repair processes by enhancing NAD+ levels. It helps maintain optimal cellular function, supports metabolism, and promotes efficient energy utilization.
Mitopure: A supplement that enhances mitochondrial function, supporting cellular health and energy production. Mitopure promotes metabolic efficiency, reduces oxidative stress, and supports overall physical performance.
NMN: Nicotinamide mononucleotide, a precursor to NAD+, supports cellular energy production and repair. NMN helps maintain metabolic health, enhances physical and cognitive performance, and supports overall cellular vitality.
Dysbiosis
Cal/Mag Butyrate: A supplement that supports gut health and overall well-being. Calcium and magnesium butyrate promote a healthy gut microbiome, enhance digestion, and support immune function, contributing to a balanced physiological state.
Probiotic: A high-quality supplement that supports a healthy gut microbiome with a diverse range of beneficial bacteria. It enhances digestion, immune function, and nutrient absorption, promoting overall health and well-being.
Blood Vessels / Cardiovascular
Artersoil: A supplement that regenerates the endothelial glycocalyx, the protective lining inside blood vessels. It supports vascular health, improves blood flow, and reduces cardiovascular risk, promoting optimal circulatory function.
Geroprotection
Rapamycin: **As discussed in detail in the blog** An immunosuppressant and mTOR inhibitor, Rapamycin has shown potential in extending lifespan by mimicking caloric restriction. It reduces cellular senescence, supports autophagy, and enhances metabolic function. Originally used to prevent organ transplant rejection, it is now being studied for its anti-aging and health-promoting properties.
Telomere attrition
Astragalus Supreme: An herbal supplement that supports immune function and cellular protection. Astragalus enhances the body’s natural defenses, reduces inflammation, and supports overall physical resilience and health.
I urge you to remember that the power of shaping your healthspan lies in your hands.
This means YOU have the power to influence the hallmarks of YOUR aging process.
So, what will you do to become the CEO of your own health, and ensure you unlock an additional thirty years (or more) of healthy life?
During my upcoming Longevity Platinum Trip, we’ll be covering “Longevity Basics,” including diet, sleep, fitness and other areas of your life that you can control to extend your healthspan. If you choose to join us, get ready for some life-changing habits!
Live Abundantly,
Peter. H. Diamandis, MD
